Credit bureaus in Indonesia and choosing a source call order
Indonesia's credit data sits in the OJK's SLIK registry and with three licensed private bureaus, while P2P lenders also have the industry's Fintech Data Center. The rules count debt to every creditor and platform when limits are assessed, and they leave the assessment with you. A bureau supplies data, and the decision stays yours. A SLIK check or a bureau score can inform the applicant's assessment, but it cannot settle the limit across sources. You decide which sources to call and in what order.
Indonesia's credit sources hold different records
Start with where each source gets its information. SLIK (Sistem Layanan Informasi Keuangan) is the OJK-run public credit registry. OJK permits its use for funding decisions, credit risk management and debtor quality assessment. POJK 11/2024 added P2P platforms, known locally as pindar, as SLIK reporters, with 31 July 2025 as their joining date.
| Source | Run by | Reporters |
|---|---|---|
| SLIK | OJK | Banks, rural banks, financing companies, and P2P platforms by rule from July 2025 |
| CLIK | CRIF Lembaga Informasi Keuangan | Licensed private bureau (LPIP) |
| KBIJ | Kredit Biro Indonesia Jaya | Licensed private bureau (LPIP) |
| Pefindo Biro Kredit | Pefindo Biro Kredit (IdScore) | Licensed private bureau (LPIP) |
| Fintech Data Center | AFPI | P2P platforms, under the AFPI code |
The private credit bureaus are LPIPs, or credit information management institutions. CLIK, Kredit Biro Indonesia Jaya (KBIJ) and Pefindo Biro Kredit, also known as IdScore, formed the APIIK association in 2024. They supply their own data and scores. The P2P industry’s Fintech Data Center (FDC), run by AFPI, shares borrower data among platforms under the association’s code of conduct.
So a SLIK return reflects what its reporters submit, a private bureau can add its own data and score, and the FDC provides a route to shared P2P borrower information.
P2P rules count debt across creditors and platforms
For a P2P consumer loan, assess payments to all creditors and check how many platforms fund the borrower. A return from one source informs those checks, and your total must account for the exposure the rules count.
| Step | The rule | Where |
|---|---|---|
| Eligibility | 18 or married, income of Rp3,000,000 a month with verified evidence, own device | IX.6, IX.7 |
| Debt limit | Payments to all creditors within 30% of income | XIII.2 |
| Platforms | No more than three, yours included | XI.3.k |
| The assessment | Yours. A bureau may supply data, not the final assessment | IV.3 to IV.9 |
| A decline | The reasons go with it | XI.4 |
From 2026, principal and economic benefit payable to all creditors must stay within 30% of income. The borrower also must not be funded through more than three platforms, including yours. These are P2P requirements.
Consider an applicant whose SLIK return shows an existing creditor obligation. Check whether principal and economic benefit payable to all creditors stay within 30% of income. If your P2P records leave platform exposure unresolved, the FDC is another source to consult. Use any platform information it returns alongside your other records when checking the three-platform limit.
A private bureau’s data or score informs your assessment.
You assess P2P applications and explain declines
Your P2P platform keeps the funding feasibility assessment. A bureau may supply data references, but the assessment stays with you, and a decline goes with its reasons.
Compare source call orders against applicant outcomes
Set the calling order from your own applicants and the cost of each call. Calling both sources gives you more information to cross-check, and costs more. Calling a second source only after a no-hit saves calls, but only sends that second request when the first returns no hit. Calling one source costs less, and leaves the assessment more dependent on what that source returns.
Compare the options using hit rates, the good and bad applicants each source flags, call prices, expected loss on bad loans and the value of good loans. That connects the call cost to the decision: a useful bad-loan rejection can reduce losses, while a good applicant wrongly flagged can mean a missed approval. The best sequence depends on those results on your book.
The data source waterfall lays out the calling alternatives and the measures to compare.
- One source. Measure what it returns and the resulting decisions against your applicant outcomes and call cost.
- A second source after a no-hit. Measure whether the additional calls change assessments or approvals enough to justify their cost.
- Both sources. Measure the extra information and decision changes against the cost of calling both.
Keep source selection in a decision engine you control, so a bureau’s product does not determine which other source you call. Decisimo’s data source documentation describes REST API and SOAP connections, branches for failed calls, and decision outcomes with reasons. Whether a vendor-hosted engine is appropriate for a P2P platform’s assessment is a question for Indonesian counsel.
On your own book, put the checks into this order:
- For a P2P application, check the 2026 criteria: the applicant is 18 or married, has verified average gross income of at least Rp3,000,000 a month, and uses their own device.
- Read the SLIK return for the information its reporters hold. Add a private bureau when its data or score will help your assessment, or when the first return leaves an exposure question to resolve.
- If you are a P2P platform, consult the FDC and use the platform information it returns alongside your other records when assessing whether the applicant is funded through more than three platforms, including yours.
- For a P2P consumer loan, add payments to all creditors and check that principal and economic benefit stay within 30% of income.
- Make the feasibility assessment yourself, using bureau information as input.
- Give the reasons with every decline.
- Define the source calls in a decision engine you control.
- Compare one-source, no-hit fallback and dual-source calling against applicant outcomes and call costs, then use the order that works on your book.
Questions about Indonesian credit data
What is SLIK?
SLIK is the OJK-run public credit registry. OJK permits it to be used for funding decisions, credit risk management and debtor quality assessment.
Which private credit bureaus operate in Indonesia?
CLIK, Kredit Biro Indonesia Jaya (KBIJ) and Pefindo Biro Kredit (IdScore) formed the APIIK association in 2024.
Do P2P lenders report to SLIK?
POJK 11/2024 requires P2P platforms to join SLIK as reporters by 31 July 2025.
Can a credit bureau make the lending decision for a P2P platform?
No. A bureau may supply data references, and your platform keeps the feasibility assessment and gives reasons when it declines.
How much debt can a P2P borrower carry?
From 2026, payments of principal and economic benefit to all creditors must stay within 30% of income. The borrower also cannot be funded through more than three platforms, including the platform making the assessment.
Why call more than one source?
SLIK, private bureaus and the FDC hold information in different places, and P2P limits count debt across creditors and platforms. Compare source returns, decision changes and call costs on your applicants to choose the order.
